Mysql开源备份工具Xtrabackup备份部署

Mysql开源备份工具Xtrabackup备份部署

  Xtrabackup是一个对InnoDB做数据备份的工具，支持在线热备份(备份时不影响数据读写)，是商业备份工具InnoDB Hotbackup的一个很好的替代品。

  Xtrabackup有两个主要的工具：xtrabackup、innobackupex

　 1、xtrabackup只能备份InnoDB和XtraDB两种数据表，而不能备份MyISAM数据表

　 2、innobackupex是参考了InnoDB Hotbackup的innoback脚本修改而来的.innobackupex是一个perl脚本封装，封装了xtrabackup。主要是为了方便的 同时备份InnoDB和MyISAM引擎的表，但在处理myisam时需要加一个读锁。并且加入了一些使用的选项。如slave-info可以记录备份恢 复后，作为slave需要的一些信息，根据这些信息，可以很方便的利用备份来重做slave。

  Xtrabackup下载地址：

   http://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/binary/

  选择合适的版本，我这里选择binary。

  解压到/usr/src/目录，解压后目录名percona-xtrabackup-2.1.3，进入到bin目录，即可直接使用innobackupex命令

  # pwd

  /usr/src/percona-xtrabackup-2.1.3/bin

  # ls -l

  total 112396

  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   110738 Jun  7 11:43 innobackupex

  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   110738 Jun  7 11:43 innobackupex-1.5.1

  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  2211237 Jun  7 11:43 xbcrypt

  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  2285672 Jun  7 11:43 xbstream

  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13033745 Jun  7 11:43 xtrabackup

  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16333506 Jun  7 11:43 xtrabackup_55

  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 80988093 Jun  7 11:43 xtrabackup_56

  在开始使用的时候可能会报如下错误：

  sh: xtrabackup_55: command not found

  innobackupex: fatal error: no ‘mysqld’ group in MySQL options

  解决办法xtrabackup_55复制到/usr/bin下即可。

  # cp /usr/src/percona-xtrabackup-2.1.3/bin/xtrabackup_55 /usr/bin/

  建立mysql备份用户：

  mysql> GRANT RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO ‘backupuser’@’localhost’ identified by ‘skEBfef5E2’;

  mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

  备份脚本内容（每周一次全备，六次增量备份，保留2周的备份，并压缩）：

[plain]

#!/bin/bash

BEGINTIME=`date +”%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”`

format_time=`date +”%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S”`

week=`date +%w`

backupbin=/usr/src/percona-xtrabackup-2.1.3/bin

backdir=/data/databasebak/bak

file_cnf=/etc/my.cnf

user_name=backupuser

password=”skEBfef5E2″

db=”db1 db2 db3 db4″

out_log=$backdir/xtrabackup_log_$format_time

time_cost=$backdir/xtrabackup_time.txt

if [ -f “$backdir.lastlastlastweek.gz” ];then

        rm -rf $backdir.lastlastweek.gz

        mv $backdir.lastweek.gz $backdir.lastlastweek.gz

fi

if [ -d “$backdir/rec5” ];then

        gzip -cr $backdir >$backdir.lastweek.gz

        rm -rf $backdir

        mkdir $backdir

fi

#full

if [ ! -d “$backdir/full” ];then

        echo “#####start full backup at $BEGINTIME to directory full” >>$time_cost

         $backupbin/innobackupex –defaults-file=$file_cnf –no-timestamp –user=$user_name –password=$password –slave-info –databases=”$db” $backdir/full 1> $out_log 2>&1

         break;

elif [ ! -d “$backdir/rec0” ];then

        echo “#####start 0 incremental backup at $BEGINTIME to directory rec0” >>$time_cost

        $backupbin/innobackupex –defaults-file=$file_cnf  –no-timestamp –user=$user_name –password=$password –slave-info –databases=”$db” –incremental –incremental-basedir=$backdir/full $backdir/rec0 1> $out_log 2>&1

        break;

elif [ ! -d “$backdir/rec1” ];then

        echo “#####start 1 incremental backup at $BEGINTIME to directory rec1” >>$time_cost

        $backupbin/innobackupex –defaults-file=$file_cnf  –no-timestamp –user=$user_name –password=$password –slave-info –databases=”$db” –incremental –incremental-basedir=$backdir/rec0 $backdir/rec1 1> $out_log 2>&1

         break;

elif [ ! -d “$backdir/rec2” ];then

        echo “#####start 2 incremental backup at $BEGINTIME to directory rec2” >>$time_cost

        $backupbin/innobackupex –defaults-file=$file_cnf  –no-timestamp –user=$user_name –password=$password –slave-info –databases=”$db” –incremental –incremental-basedir=$backdir/rec1 $backdir/rec2 1> $out_log 2>&1

         break;

elif [ ! -d “$backdir/rec3” ];then

        echo “#####start 3 incremental backup at $BEGINTIME to directory rec3” >>$time_cost

        $backupbin/innobackupex –defaults-file=$file_cnf  –no-timestamp –user=$user_name –password=$password –slave-info –databases=”$db” –incremental –incremental-basedir=$backdir/rec2 $backdir/rec3 1> $out_log 2>&1

         break;

elif [ ! -d “$backdir/rec4” ];then

        echo “#####start 4 incremental backup at $BEGINTIME to directory rec4” >>$time_cost

        $backupbin/innobackupex –defaults-file=$file_cnf  –no-timestamp –user=$user_name –password=$password –slave-info –databases=”$db” –incremental –incremental-basedir=$backdir/rec3 $backdir/rec4 1> $out_log 2>&1

         break;

elif [ ! -d “$backdir/rec5” ];then

        echo “#####start 5 incremental backup at $BEGINTIME to directory rec5” >>$time_cost

        $backupbin/innobackupex –defaults-file=$file_cnf  –no-timestamp –user=$user_name –password=$password –slave-info –databases=”$db” –incremental –incremental-basedir=$backdir/rec4 $backdir/rec5 1> $out_log 2>&1

         break;

 fi

 ENDTIME=`date +”%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”`

 begin_data=`date -d  “$BEGINTIME” +%s`

 end_data=`date -d  “$ENDTIME” +%s`

 spendtime=`expr $end_data – $begin_data`

 echo “it takes $spendtime sec for packing the data directory” >>$time_cost

   部署备份脚本；

  # crontab -l

  10 2 * * *  /opt/cron/mysqldbbakup.sh

  恢复：

  #全备恢复：

  innobackupex –apply-log –redo-only  –defaults-file=$file_cnf –user=$user_name –password=$password    $backdir/full

  #增备恢复，修改增量备份目录，逐个apply-log，到第五天的增量rec4都是输出都显示innobackupex: completed OK!

  innobackupex –apply-log –redo-only –defaults-file=$file_cnf –user=$user_name –password=$password    $backdir/full –incremental-dir=$backdir/rec5